Logistics and Supply Chain Management Fast Fashion

Question: Describe about the Logistics and Supply Chain Management for Fast Fashion. Answer: Introduction Zara is identified as the Fast Fashion model in modern trends. The delivering of the best product according to the fashion trends is identified as a specialty of Zara. In a complete sense, Zara is identified as the style icon and leader of the fashion world. The production house of Zara was first initiated at the La Coruna of Spain. The Inditex is identified as the major contributor and parent company of Zara. In Australia, the first store was inaugurated in Sydney and then in Melbourne (Crofton Dopico, 2012). The major aspects of the Zara are to manage appropriate customers and their demand centric approach. Now, the product is expanding on a world-wide level and successful in manufacturing and producing major products (i.e. Apparel). The aim or objective of the research is to provide the best information related to the supply chain management of the fashion retailer Zara. The competitive advantages and the sustainability aspects are required to be found out with the help of this report. The comparative study of the supply chain management and logistics are also being identified (Hume, 2011). Discussion and Analysis The discussions and analysis section is helpful in defining the suitable output related to the supply chain and logistics in Australia. The four sub sections defined below will assist in explaining the different concept with specific information. Framing of fundamental reasons for success The case study provided for the discussion is successful in delivering the logistics and supply chain management in Zara. By generating the suitable ideas from the case study, the basic and fundamental reasons for the success will be required to be identified. These fundamental reasons will help in strengthening the logistics and supply chain management in a possible manner. There are various competitors of Zara, which are both successful and unsuccessful in their ventures (Mangan, et al., 2008). But, the list of the major changes is displayed below which shows the fundamental reason for the success of Zara: - The first fundamental aspect of Zara is the Fast service provided by them in comparison to the other fashion brand like Myer. The stocks of the apparel are introduced in the market before the innovative trend is introduced. The cost and quality are also identified as the considerable features. In comparison to the HM, the cost is quite less and the quality is far better. The HM is not successful in delivering the best products in the market. In comparison to Dell, the organization mainly believes in providing the city specific trends in a specific manner. According to Australia, the Zara is successful in providing the best outfits. They manufacture clothes according to different seasons (Chaudhuri Kowsmann, 2016). The designs are so normal and attractive. The company only believes in introducing the new concept related to the fashion and trends, but doesnt emphasize on making the products in a specific form. This aspect of Zara makes it different from Mango and Katherene Watson. The new and innovative concept is introduced by Zara Australia, which is identified as the JIT concept in context to the supply chain management and logistic. With the help of this concept, the fashion aspects gets completed in Just in time and also helps in giving tough competition to Mr. Price. The makes less and sell more concept of Zara will be helpful in providing an appropriate assistance in a specific mode. The organizations like Pepe, Vero Moda and other organizations manufacture their product at another location with the specific demands. Whereas, Zara believes in making some products in reliable form, so that maximum customers can purchase it and contributes in increasing the sale. These basic fundamental aspects will be helpful in making the organization different and presentable in comparison to the other competitors working in the same domain. In short, it can be assumed that the speed in delivery, vertical integration, the use of just in time strategy and the technological advanced process helps in framing suitable flow of the logistics and supply chain management (Schlossberg, 2015). Identification of Issues and logistics management strategy The issues that are visible in the case study are related to the logistics and SCM in the Zara. The suitable strategic approach should be planned to face suitable conditions. The two strategies are identified on the wide levels that are identified as the strategic supply chain management and the Just in Time Policy. Both these policies are helpful in defining the suitable approach in the specific direction and with the help of these aspects; it could become easier to manage the perspectives and issues related to the SCM. Both these strategies are well organized, managed, object oriented and focused in nature. The quantifiable strategy is also considered in respect to Zara to manage the aspects in a suitable way (Tartaglia, 2011). Apart from this, the maintenance of the customers goods and logistics in an appropriate manner is also identified as the best function carried out by the strategies defined for SCM. Maintenance of Competitive Environment The Inditex is the brand identity which acts as the supportive name in the field of introducing the concept of Zara in the world. The management for Zara Australia is also fully owned by Inditex by providing specific support to the production, manufacturing and selling facilities. Apart from these aspects, there are various other factors that are to be discussed on wide level to define the brand development in a well- defined manner (Mangan, et al., 2010). Zara is identified as a team player in the other countries. But, it becomes difficult for Zara to enter into the local market of Australia. Apart from the entrance, the sustainability in the existing market is also recognized as the most important factor to be considered. For making the smooth flow of supply chain management and to manage logistics, the fashion brand introduces its various innovative projects in Sydney and Melbourne. To attract the customers, the brand also merges with the GAP and Victorias street. These products are successful in managing their brand identity worldwide and in the retail market of Australia. This merger not only helps in supporting the organization in making the financial aspects successful, but by this, the logistics and supply chain management of the organization can also be maintained in the right direction (Marufuzzaman Deif, 2010). The value analysis, brand credit and fidelity are identified as the most prompt method to approach the competitive advantages. The various components of the organization like the individual and participative learning, partnership, ecological learning and the other aspects will be helpful in defining suitable competition in a well approached manner. In the online report, Zara is ranked on 219, GAP is able to make rank under 400 and the Benetton is not able to secure any place. This shows the strengthened competitive aspects related to the organization. Comparative Study related to Zara The logistics and supply chain of Zara are designed in a different manner. This basic approach related to the organization makes it different from the other competitors in Australia. The comparative study of Zara is conducted in contrast to the Myers and Dell. The basic difference between three of them is that they belong to three different domains which are described as Dell is laptop making company, Myers is basically the departmental store and Zara is an apparel making organization (Lu, 2014). Comparative study between Zara and Dell Both the organizations are identified as strong market players. The consistency and innovative approach is identified as the most remarkable approach in a complete sense. But, still there are some aspects which show the differences. The tabular differentiation of both the aspects is shown below with the specific categorization. The difference is also defined on the basis of Australian aspects. Criteria Zara Dell Approach The vertically approach is followed by Zara to manage the process of SCM. The production and manufacturing are totally managed by Zara on its personal basis. The task of designing and managing are also defined by Zara itself. The Horizontal approach is adapted by the Dell. Dell is mainly isolated from the production process. Rather than doing the production, the third party production system is identified on priority. Contributors of Supply Chain The designing, sourcing, manufacturing and distribution are identified as the major source of the supply chain. The Dell itself, supplier and consumers are identified as the major source of contributors of the supply chain. Production aspects The new and innovative designs are discovered every time. The products are manufactured in fewer amounts and the selling of these products will be helpful in providing suitable assistance. The make to order strategy is identified as the major aspect adapted by the Dell. This will be helpful in delivering the product to the customers as per their configuration. Suppliers Zara believes in providing the suitable products in a definite and short time frame (Bootwala, 2015). The Dell also provides the services in definite time frame, but still some risks relate to it, because some work is also managed by the third party vendors. Storage The storage capacity is very high. In Australia, there are various warehouses to store the products manufactured for the sale. The storage of Dell is not well identified. The inventory cost is very low and the storage cost is too high to manage. Mode of communications Zara is a fashion icon, so the order of communication is also managed by using the different sources of internet. The customers feedback and online orders are only identified as the major source to manage the communication in an appropriate way. Distribution The distribution channel and product demand are maintained on the specific demand of customers (Lopez, 2009). The indirect channel is helpful in selling the products. The B2B strategy is adapted for the suitable discussion Comparative study between Zara and Myers Similarly, the comparative analysis between Zara and Myers will be successful in providing assistance to the supply chain management aspects defined in Australia. The Myers or commonly known as my store is specifically defined as the departmental store, which is helpful in providing basic need products. The distribution of the product is not identified on the demographic and psychographic basis, whereas Zara in Australia observes the demographic and psychographic conditions before initiating any new outlet. This will help in promoting the products in a specific direction. The market of Myers is ambiguous. The target market is also comprised with different categories of customers. On the other hand, the market of Zara is full of innovative approaches and changing trends. The customers range from 20-35 years of age who are keenly interested in purchasing the products. The customer service of Myers is not very approachable, the products are various in numbers, but very few customers get attracted. The Zara possesses specific customer services to serve its customers. There are various offers and promotional aspects applied for the customers in Australia (Orcao Prez, 2014). This will be helpful in demonstrating differences in the supply chain of Zara and different organizations. The diagrammatic representation of the supply chain with differences is also shown below. Diagram 1 is defined for the logistics of Zara and Diagram 2 is specified for SCM of the other organizations. Conclusion and Recommendation After making the report for the supply chain and logistics of Zara, it can be concluded that Zara is identified as the brand icon in the fashion world. The internal value analysis of the Zara can be identified with the help of definite research. It is also identified that Zara is specific in providing the customer centric approach completely and also tries to provide suitable assistance in a specific manner. The other aspects which are covered in this report are related to strengthening the financial and economic aspects in the most coordinated manner. The comparative study provided in the report is also successful in delivering the basic difference between the logistics and supply chain management of other organization in contrast to Zara. The report is also successful in highlighting the major challenges and opportunity related to Zara while introducing the concept in Australia. Though the organization is doing very well in Australia, but still some of the recommendations are provi ded to manage the flow of work in a specific direction. It is recommended that the more specific and planned steps should be taken in a definite manner to manage the working aspects in context to the organization. Before initiating any new venture, it is essential to manage the specific approach in a possible way. The market auditing and preparation of report is identified as the primary areas of concern. By following these approaches, it could become possible to establish the better identity of supply chain management and logistics of Zara in Australia. References Bootwala, H., 2015. Place Success factor of ZARA, Available at: https://mpk732.wordpress.com/2015/05/19/place-success-factor-of-zara/ Chaudhuri, S. Kowsmann, P., 2016. Zara Owner Inditex Stays Ahead of the Competition, Available at: https://www.wsj.com/articles/zara-owner-inditex-profit-beats-forecasts-1465968167 Crofton, S. Dopico, L., 2012. ZARA-Inditex and the growth of fast fashion, Available at: https://www.ebhsoc.org/journal/index.php/journal/article/viewFile/216/218 Hume, M., 2011. The secrets of Zara's success, Available at: https://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/news-features/TMG8589217/The-secrets-of-Zaras-success.html Lopez, C., 2009. Internationalisation of the Spanish fashion brand Zara. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, 13(2), pp. 279 - 296. Lu, C., 2014. Zara supply chain analysis - the secret behind Zara's retail success, Available at: https://www.tradegecko.com/blog/zara-supply-chain-its-secret-to-retail-success Mangan, J., Lalwani, C. Butcher, T., 2008. Global Logistics and Supply Chain Management.: John Wiley Sons. Mangan, J., Lalwani, C. Butcher, T., 2010. Global Logistics and Supply Chain Management, Available at: https://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-EUDTE00368.html Marufuzzaman, M. Deif, A., 2010. A dynamic approach to determine the product flow nature in apparel supply chain network. International journal of production economics, December.pp. 484-495. Orcao, A. Prez, D., 2014. Global production chains in the fast fashion sector, transports and logistics: the case of the Spanish retailer Inditex. Sciencedirect journal, December, 2014(85), p. 113127. Schlossberg, M., 2015. This Spanish retailer with the 'best business model' in apparel is scaring Gap, Abecrombie Fitch, and J. Crew, Available at: https://www.businessinsider.in/This-Spanish-retailer-with-the-best-business-model-in-apparel-is-scaring-Gap-Abecrombie-Fitch-and-J-Crew/articleshow/50251799.cms Tartaglia, L., 2011. Zaras Australian entrance to challenge local retailers, Available at: https://theconversation.com/zaras-australian-entrance-to-challenge-local-retailers-272

How to Use the APA Format Th Edition Sample Essay to Help Prepare For the APA Exam

How to Use the APA Format Th Edition Sample Essay to Help Prepare For the APA ExamThe APA Format Th Edition Sample Essay can be used as a complete study guide for students and teachers to prepare for the APA Exam. In this course, students learn how to prepare for the exam through reading sample essays.You should not think that you are going to sit in front of a computer and type anything at all. Students who do not take this course realize how much time is spent on this. This is because they need to understand how to manage their time well so that they get through the course on time.The APA Th Edition Sample Essay is a key to helping you excel in school and beyond. You may be wondering how to use the resources for your course. We suggest you examine the readings included in the course. This is essential to understand your reading capabilities and learn the APA Format Th Edition format.The APA The Edition is a necessary tool for every student to understand how to use their academic po tential. The students should master all of the knowledge regarding the format. When they find it easy to read through, they can learn more than the other students when they have to create and revise their own essays.The written exam is important to help them learn how to handle their own writing skills before the examination day. They should not wait until the final review of the material because the content is being reviewed by the examiner on examination day. They must follow the guidance and instruction of the examiner and bring the contents up to date.There are many sample essays to study throughout the course. You must find the ones that best fit your level and vocabulary level. You need to use the strategy to plan your essays and allow yourself time to do so.When preparing for the APA Th Edition, you will want to include the appropriate portions of the topic in your essay so that you can properly understand and integrate the information. With this set of guidelines, you can ge t the APA Th Edition model off to a good start.

Confidence Is a Key To Succeed In Life

Is Your Body Language Professional

Is Your Body Language Professional Ever wondered what coworkers think of you? Or how you look to hiring managers? We all have an image of how we think we present ourselves, but sometimes it can be quite useful to check in and make sure we’re not too far off the mark. Check Your Vocal TicsDo you have any annoying vocal patterns? Say â€Å"um† too much? Constantly go up in pitch at the end of your sentences? Ask a friend you trust to tell you every time you repeat one of these things- or better yet, record yourself speaking as you might in an interview or presentation to the boss. You’ll get a much better sense of how you sound to others and will be able to make adjustments.Settle Your HandsDo you constantly twirl your hair or fiddle with your jewelry? Do you always have your hands in your pockets or your arms crossed? Any of these habits we turn to when feeling bored or awkward can be perceived as nervous or aloof and can make a bad impression. We’re not saying you can never touch your hair or put your hands in your pockets, just be aware of how often you are doing it so it doesn’t become a bad habit.Make Sure Gestures Have MeaningWe use our hands when we speak for emphasis and clarity- and sometimes just because we’re used to doing it! Sometimes our hand gestures can be distracting, though, so it’s always best to run through our patterns and make sure we’re using our hands to our best advantage.Try holding your arms open at a 45 degree angle with your palms up to appear more honest and approachable, or touch your fingertips together when you want to express precision. Place your palms firmly down to signify certainty. And practice these so they appear natural and unrehearsed.Move Your HeadPeople can learn a lot from how you hold your head. A tilt can express compassion when someone tells you a sad story. Holding yourself upright and straight can portray confidence in negotiations, by appearing more authoritative and neutral. Start noticing how you move your head and in which situations, so you can adapt if necessary.Flex Your MusclesResearch shows that flexing muscles, any muscles, can actually help improve willpower and confidence. The next time you’re negotiating or trying to articulate a point, see whether flexing a muscle or two imperceptibly can give you an extra boost.

Development and behaviour of high performance concrete materials and Essay

Development and behaviour of high performance concrete materials and their use in innovative structural solutions - Essay Example the high performance concrete has an extremely elevated compressive strength, as well as, durability with perfect flexural ductibility and resistance. And, with an ever-growing population, in addition to, expanding urban center, come increased level of constructions can be expected in all developing and developed countries. (Shuaib and Barker, 1991). Owing to enhanced mechanical property and durability, the high performance concretes have gained a wide acceptance in construction of innovative structures such as bridges, building and marine structures. Aitcin (2003), defines high performance concrete as the low water- binder concrete with optimized aggregate to binder ratio of controlling its dimensional stability (for examples, drying shrinkage) which receives the sufficient water necessary for controlling autogenous shrinkage. Though high performance concrete has extensive application, its production is limited in various nations owing to the fact that suitable concrete aggregate like river sand, hard crushed or gravel aggregates are not available or either is available only in restricted quantity. An all-embracing research has been carried out for the purposes of developing blended cement, concrete, as well as, other construction materials (self consolidating concrete, high performance, fibre reinforced concrete or lightweight concrete) for sustainable development with industrial and natural waste like fly ash, cement kiln dust, volcanic, as well as, slag materials. The developed blended cements and concrete materials did make a wonderful impact in the cement manufacturing and construction industries in many countries. At the moment, they are being utilizes in the common construction and in the restoration projects. The United States department of Transportation shows that the high performance concrete have a tendency of having compressive strength of over 150MPa, interior fibre reinforcement of ensuring brittle behavior, as well as, a higher bidder

MGT302 - Org. Behavior and Teamwork Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

MGT302 - Org. Behavior and Teamwork - Essay Example Here in the case of assembling a team of members from two places like rural Beaverton and urban New Yorkers, these forms of issues are very likely to occur. Here there will be issues and challenges in understanding each other and this is not only in terms of the language but also in terms of finesse with which it is used. The native speakers tend to be more experienced and fluent with the language and also are able to converse much more naturally as compared to people who have learnt the language in class. Apart from the language a common issue is the difference in style of working and also the work habits. There are a number of different norms for every culture and each country follows their own rules and regulations in terms of the work day, breaks, and also acceptable times of work. For instance, in China, the country is literally closed on Chinese New Year. Hence similarly every individual in the teams will have a different incentive based on the country they originate from (Roem bke). Also in terms of the timelines, it is crucial to note that different cultures have a different perspective and importance to meeting of timelines. In some cultures the timeline is not as much as an issue as the accuracy in terms of the quality. Hence in a multicultural team, this can cause major drifts among the team members and can also put a lot of strain on the group as a whole. This can lead t communication breakdowns and also lead to conflicts remaining unresolved among the team members as well (Halverson and Tirmiz). Hence here use of computers proves to be very beneficial as it helps reduce the communication breakdowns and also helps in keeping the discussions clear and straight forward. In addition, in many ways the multicultural team could be a bonus in that each segment of the team brings a different viewpoint to the puzzle of marketing a shoe in Brazil. Completion of tasks is also an important element of the business and hence it is important that all tasks are brok en up and sent out to the appropriate individuals and also fixed deadlines are set for the tasks. This will help get the work accomplished effectively without creating a drift within the company. Using a virtual work team can prove to also be difficult as there is a difference in terms of the time spent by every individual in the trying to get to know each other when all these are done virtually. In a few manners the virtual work environment can prove to be challenging however it helps in reducing the issues of personality conflicts (Ubell). However in the virtual teams there is the issue of possible pre – judging that is possible based on the individual’s nationality or accent. Another possible drawback of the virtual teams can be the lack of synergy among the team members. This however can be resolved by means of brainstorming and also by assignment of tasks to the strengths of each individual. Also here there is also a number of opportunities present despite the dif ferences. Hence it is important to accept the differences and capitalise on the opportunities (Kottolli). The main benefits of the virtual teams are that these teams can be developed irrespective of where the members of the team are. Also, the team has a clear mission and also clear expectations from the others within the team. Here this allows better communication, creative thinking, innovation and also collaboration among the members. With the increase in the globalisation and the increase in t

Models of Social Work Assessment

Models of Social Work Assessment Assessment is a vital function of social work acting as the starting point of the process and if not carried correctly can impact on the social workers relationship with the service user. There are no universal definitions for assessment however Whittington (2007) suggests the process is a meeting between a social worker and someone seeking help or services, which maybe held with an individual, family or a group of people. Sutton sees assessment as an ongoing cycle and describes it using the acronym ASPIRE, Assessment, Planning, Intervention, Review and Evaluate. Models for assessment include ecological, strength based, person centred which are often used when assessing a child. The Ecological model focusses on the service user’s environment including close family circle and their wider community, placing the service user firmly in the centre. Bronfenbrenner (1979) states there are 4 layer of environment which effects a service user, microsystem which considers immediate famil y, the mesosystem looks at relationships with extended family, neighbours, friends, work and school, the exosystem includes both the micro and mesosystem but also contains social infrastructure of the labour market, education systems, health and Social services, the final layer macrosystem includes systems including government policy, legislation and culture. Ecogram’s are illustrations often used to demonstrate these layers which can benefit to everyone involved to enable them to see everyone who is involve in his life. Parker and Bradley state the strength based model focusses on the positives in a service user’s life, focussing on increasing motivation, capacity and potential for making real and informed life choices. This model also requires an extensive knowledge of the service users’ environment, living system and wider system to be able to work with them using their strengths. Within this model the power imbalance between the social worker and service user is reduced as the service users is seen as the person with the knowledge of the issues. The person centred model has a similar function as the Ecological and strength based model which places the service user at the centre of any assessment and decisions made during this process. As well as assessment models the social workers also use a variety of approaches including questioning, procedural and exchange. The Questioning approach uses a set of questions to obtain information, the social worker can have preconceived ideas about the service user which could lead the questioning in a direction which may not identify the issues which the service user may see as their main concern, this approach can be seen as a power imbalance in favour of the social worker. The Procedural approach is a systematic process set out by an organisation or framework, with set criteria which identifies eligibility, follows the rules and policies which dictates what the service user is entitled to, this approach also leaves a power imbalance as the social worker dictates what services the service user is entitled to. The Exchange process ensures partnership working where the service users is seen as the expert with an understanding of any issues, information gathered within this proces s is used to enable the service user to see their potential and resources available to meet this potential. There are specific pieces of legislation and policies which have an impact on the child assessment process, The Children Act 1989 states the welfare of the child is paramount, with an overarching system for safeguarding children, it indicates roles different agencies play and introduced the concept of parental responsibility rather than parental rights. A key principle is that Local Authorities have a duty to provide services for children and their families and all children should have access to the same range of services. The Children Act 2004 updates not supersede Children Act 1989. The aim is to encourage integrated planning, commissioning and delivery of services as well as improve multi-disciplinary working, remove duplication, increase accountability and improve the coordination of individual and joint inspections in local authorities. The Children’s act does not specifically state children referred automatically have an assessment, however if a child is deemed in need t hen the child must have an assessment, a decision which must be made within 24 hrs., once this decision has been made an assessment needs to take place within 7 days. The decision is based on Children’s act 1989 (section 17 subsection 10) outlines the criteria for a child in need, which states: (10) a child shall be taken to be in need if— (a) He is unlikely to achieve or maintain, or to have the opportunity of achieving or maintaining, a reasonable standard of health or development without the provision for him of services by a local authority under this Part; (b) His health or development is likely to be significantly impaired, or further impaired, without the provision for him of such services; Stefan can be seen as a child in need due to his current behavioural issues at school and the ongoing issues with in his family home, both could have an impact on his health and development. If Stefan is displaying behaviours within school this is having a significant effect on his education and therefore development. The social worker will carry out an assessment based on the Framework for the Assessment and Children in Need and their Families 2001 which is based on three areas, often viewed as a triangle, Child developmental needs including education, Emotional Behavioural Development, Family Social Relationships, Stefan is displaying behaviours while at school which is having an impact on his ability to learn. There have also been domestic violence situations within the home, it is not documented if he witnessed this, however the UN convention of the child states that hearing a domestic violence attack is just as detrimental to the child as witnessing the act and therefore has the same affects, this may be a factor for Stefan. Stefan and his mother are receiving support from her sister, but Stefan may have a role in the care for his mother or younger sister. Parenting capacity including Ensuring Safety, it has been highlighted Rhian, Stefan’s mother has physical and mental health issue s which resulted in Stefan and his sister being left in a local park questioning Stefan’s safety. Family and Environmental Factors including Resources, Income, Employment, Housing, Wider Family Functioning. Stefan’s mother is unable to work due to her physical and mental health which may have financial implications on the family. As well as the children’s act 1989 and 2004 and the Framework for the Assessment and Children in Need and their Families 2001, wales has a Children’s families measure 2010 which was published to tackle child poverty. Section 67 of the measure looks at children’s needs arising from community care needs of their parents and applies to any child whose parents may be in receipt of care from the local authority or arranged by the local authority, or they may be in need of such services the authority must decide what services they can provide to the child and / or their family. Section 68 of the measure addresses the child’s need arising from the health conditions, including mental health, of their parents and applies when health services are provided to or funded by the NHS, the NHS must consider the effects of the medical condition on the child and if the child requires support from the local authority. Both sections relate to Stefan’s current situatio n, Stefan’s mother has physical and mental health issues which also may have impacted on the family. The Human right convention of the child (1989) also has an impact on the assessment process, the convention was agree by international governments and stated all children had rights as individual’s not just objects which are cared for. The convention is made up of a 45 articles which outline the rights of a child, Stefan’s rights include a child must not be separated from their parents unless it is in their best interest, every child is able to have a say about what affects them and they must be taken seriously, each child has the right to live somewhere which is able to meet their physical, social and mental needs. If they do not then the government must support families who cannot afford to provide this, Governments must do all they can to ensure that children are protected from all forms of violence, abuse, neglect and mistreatment by their parents or anyone else who looks after them. Another pieces of legislation which needs to be complied with is the Welsh language act, Stefan currently attends a welsh school and his mother is a welsh speaker, Stefan may feel more comfortable if the assessment was carried out in welsh which Stefan is entitled to under the act. When working with a child the social worker needs to use a variety of skills, adapt their approaches and values which include ensuring the process is child centred, at the child’s level of understanding and abilities, advocate on behalf of the child, use observational skills to observe interactions with any significate people. Parker and Bradley state research shows children prefer to be listen to, professionals to be available and accessible, non-judgemental and non-directive, have a sense of humour, straight talking, to be able to trust and, where appropriate, to have confidentiality respected. The social worker must also ensure the process is collaborative working with people involved in the service user’s life including professionals. By using these skills the social worker also complies with the Care council of wales Code of practice which states the social worker must promote the independence of Service Users while protecting them as far as possible from danger or harm. By using the fore mentioned skills the social worker using anti-oppressive practise to ensure the service user is empowered in their continued support. Before and during the assessment process the social worker needs to ensure the issues are not pre-judged, Stefan’s behavioural issues may not be due to the issues at home he may have a learning disability, being bullied at school or finding the work hard which is causing him difficulties, Stefan may be a carer for his mother or sibling which is the issue, often what is perceived as the main issues are not necessarily the same for the person being assessed, if any of the above issues have been highlighted then appropriate assessment would be requested. Other issues which need to be considered would be where to hold the assessment, Stefan may feel unable to speak openly if carried out in front of his parents or within the family home, by carrying out any assessment meetings within his school environment either setting could make him more vulnerable, careful thought needs to be given to where assessment is carried out. While working with a child there are many ethical issues which can arise, when there is evidence a child is being neglected and their safety at risk the social worker has a decision to make, Stefan has been left in a local park due to his mother forgetting him the ethical dilemma may be if Stefan is providing a caring role for his mother and sister removing him from the situation may cause his sister to become more vulnerable and take away a support system from his mother. Another ethical issue could be within the current economic climate carrying out an assessment but being unable to offer the services required by the child and their family, when dealing with a child such as Stefan the social worker needs to gain as much information as possible however the more people who know about the situation could cause Stefan to be more vulnerable, Stefan is also entitled to privacy and the more people who know about the situation could make Stefan vulnerable amongst his peers. The final issue could be Stefan’s parents are currently refusing support, the rights of the parents to refuse services verses the right of the child to have adequate service provision.